Several different conditions and diseases can cause hematuria. These include infections, kidney disease, cancer, and rare blood disorders. Any blood in the urine can be a sign of a serious health problem, even if it happens only once. Ignoring hematuria can lead to the worsening of serious conditions like cancer and kidney disease, so you should talk to your doctor as soon as possible.

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Common conditions
Finding blood in your urine does not automatically signal a life-threatening disease, but normally, healthy urine should not contain any detectable amounts of blood. Sometimes, consuming food dye or an excessive amount of beets can also color your urine. Also, some medicines, such as aspirin, the antibiotic nitrofurantoin, penicillin or rifampicin may be the reason urine looks red or brown. Women are also advised to be certain that the blood is coming from the urine and not the vagina or rectum. Hematuria is simply the medical name for blood in urine. The blood in your urine must have originated from somewhere within the urinary tract the kidneys, bladder or the tubes through which urine passes. This is often the result of a urinary tract infection UTI , such as cystitis.
Fun fact: Pee isn’t actually sterile.
A urinalysis is a simple test that looks at a small sample of your urine. It can help find problems that need treatment, including infections or kidney problems. It can also help find serious diseases in the early stages, like kidney disease , diabetes , or liver disease.
Seeing blood in your urine can be alarming and needs to be checked by your doctor, but in most cases, it's not a sign of a serious problem. The medical name for blood in urine is haematuria. If blood in urine can be seen by the naked eye it is known as visible or macroscopic haematuria. If it can only be detected by laboratory testing it is known as non-visible or microscopic haematuria. Blood found in urine will have come from somewhere within the urinary tract, such as the kidneys, bladder or the tubes the urine passes through. Other factors can cause your urine to change colour.